![ishikawa diagram water and sanitation ishikawa diagram water and sanitation](https://powerslides.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Real-Fishbone-Diagram-3.jpg)
“We had challenges with water availability in Spring Valley,” Mutunga said. But because cleanliness starts with water, we couldn't keep ourselves clean.”Īngeline Mutunga also suffered from an inadequate water supply in her settlement, the Matopeni / Spring Valley Ward. You couldn’t even walk there twice, and you could only carry a 20-liter container. “We used to get water from Umoja,” says resident Beatrice Akoth Okoth. In the Kayole-Soweto settlement on the eastern periphery of Nairobi, women and children often walked long distances to get a small amount of daily water. Poor infrastructure and squalid living conditions are prevalent in these communities, and overcrowding has exacerbated the already hazardous health conditions. Through various International Development Association (IDA) investments in the Nairobi City Water and Sewerage Company (NCWSC), Athi Water Services Board (AWSB) and Kenya Informal Settlements Improvement Project (KISIP), the World Bank has had a long-established involvement in helping increase water access and sanitation services in Kenya – but there is still much more work to be done.Īs Nairobi has grown, more and more poor urban dwellers have been pushed into informal and low-income settlements, where there is little or no water or sanitation. In order to achieve that vision, however, a multi-pronged approach involving financing and monitoring is needed. The government’s national development plan, Kenya Vision 2030, articulates an ambition to fill these gaps and ensure that all citizens have access to basic water and sanitation by 2030, the deadline for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS). Less than a third have access to improved sanitation, and only 40 percent of Nairobi is connected to a sewerage system. Today, barely half of Kenya’s urban population has access to water. This rapid urbanization has huge implications for water use and wastewater management in the country’s cities, which already face rising water and sanitation demands and problems, such as pollution and overexploitation. In Kenya alone, the urban population, currently at 12 million, will more than triple to 40 million by 2050. When the group runs out of ideas, focus attention to areas in the chart where ideas are thin.Africa's cities are growing at an unprecedented rate.Layers of branches indicate causal relationships.
![ishikawa diagram water and sanitation ishikawa diagram water and sanitation](https://powerslides.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Modern-Fishbone-Diagram-1.jpg)
Continue to ask “Why?” and generate deeper levels of causes. Write sub–causes branching off the causes. Ask the question “why does this happen?” again.Causes can be written in several places, if they relate to several categories. Ask: “Why does this happen?” As each idea is given, the facilitator writes it as a branch from the appropriate category. Write the categories of causes as branches from the main arrow.For instance, it might make sense to start with these generic headings: methods, machines (equipment), people (manpower), materials, measurement, and environment. Brainstorm the primary categories of causes for the problem.Write the problem statement at the center right of the flipchart or whiteboard, box it, and draw a horizontal arrow running to it.The group should agree on a problem statement (effect).